# Transactions

# Journal Entry

A **Journal Entry** in **SMURPS** is a generic transaction used to record accounting events that aren’t handled by invoices or payment entries. Each journal entry affects at least two accounts, and the sum of debits must equal the sum of credits.

To create a Journal Entry:

1. Go to **Home → Accounting → General Ledger → Journal Entry** and click **New**.
2. The **Entry Type** defaults to *Journal Entry*; change it if needed.
3. Set the **Posting Date**.
4. In the **Accounting Entries** table, add rows for each account being debited or credited. Specify the **Account**, **Party Type** (for receivables/payables), **Party**, and amounts. The total debit must match the total credit.
5. Click **Save** and then **Submit** to post the entry.

[![journal-entry.png](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/scaled-1680-/tLKjournal-entry.png)](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/tLKjournal-entry.png)

The **Quick Entry** button lets you create simple journal entries by entering an amount, choosing the debit and credit accounts and adding a remark; it auto‑fills the entries table. You can also link the journal entry to another document via the **Reference Type** and **Reference Name** fields, reverse an entry using **Reverse Journal Entry**, or have the system automatically add a balancing line with **Make Difference Entry**. For multi‑currency transactions, tick **Multi Currency** and specify the exchange rates.

![](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/scaled-1680-/Yzqquick-entry-png.png)

# Payment Entry

A **Payment Entry** records money received from customers or paid to suppliers. You typically create a payment entry against a sales or purchase invoice, but you can also record standalone payments like employee reimbursements.

![](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/scaled-1680-/ECGpe-sales-png.png)

To record a payment against an invoice:

1. Go to **Home → Accounting → Accounts Receivable/Payable → Payment Entry** and click **New**.
2. Select the **Party Type** (Customer or Supplier), **Party**, and the invoice. The system sets the **Payment Type** automatically (Receive for customers, Pay for suppliers).

[![payment-party.png](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/scaled-1680-/payment-party.png)](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/payment-party.png)

3. Set the **Posting Date** and **Mode of Payment**. The **Paid From/To** accounts are pulled from your company settings.

[![payment-accounts.png](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/scaled-1680-/payment-accounts.png)](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/payment-accounts.png)

4. The outstanding invoice amount appears; edit **Paid Amount** if you’re making a partial payment. Allocate the payment to specific invoices if multiple are listed.
5. Save and **Submit** to update the ledger and the invoice’s outstanding amount.

You can also create a payment entry without linking an invoice. Choose the party and account, enter the amount in the **Allocated Amount** column, and specify any deductions or write‑offs (such as currency exchange differences). The **Difference Amount** must be zero for submission; use the **Make Difference Entry** button to book the difference into a write‑off account. After submitting, the system updates the related invoice or order and reflects the payment in accounts receivable/payable.

# Sales Invoice

A **Sales Invoice** is issued to a customer after delivering goods or services. Submitting a sales invoice records income and creates a receivable entry.

[![so-flow.png](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/scaled-1680-/so-flow.png)](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/so-flow.png)

Steps to create a sales invoice:

1. Navigate to **Home → Accounting → Accounts Receivable → Sales Invoice** and click **New**.
2. Select the **Customer**; the system fetches default customer details such as address and payment terms.
3. Set the **Due Date** (defaults to the posting date) and add items with quantities and rates. Prices and taxes are fetched from the item master and price lists.
4. Verify or edit the **Posting Date** and **Posting Time**. You can add shipping and other charges under **Taxes and Charges**.
5. Save and **Submit** to book the revenue and create a receivable. The invoice status will change from *Draft* to *Submitted* and later to *Paid* when payment is received.

[![sales-invoice.png](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/scaled-1680-/sales-invoice.png)](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/sales-invoice.png)

# Purchase Invoice

A **Purchase Invoice** represents a bill received from a supplier.  Submitting a purchase invoice accrues expenses and creates a payable entry.

To create a purchase invoice:

1. Go to **Home → Accounting → Accounts Payable → Purchase Invoice** and click **New**.
2. Select the **Supplier**; default address and payment terms will be loaded.
3. Set the **Posting Date** and **Due Date**.
4. Add items and quantities; rates and taxes are fetched from the supplier’s price list.
5. Save and **Submit** to record the liability.  The invoice status will change from *Draft* to *Submitted*.  If you tick **Is Paid**, a payment entry will be created automatically.
6. To record a return to a supplier, tick **Is Return (Debit Note)** and link the original purchase invoice.


[![](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/scaled-1680-/image-1764987005591.png)](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/image-1764987005591.png)

The following process flow diagram shows the typical purchasing process: **Material Request → Purchase Order → Purchase Receipt → Purchase Invoice → Payment Entry**.  You can hold or block a purchase invoice using the **Hold Invoice** button if there are issues such as quality inspection failures or credit limits.

[![](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/scaled-1680-/image-1764987042034.png)](https://guides.smurps.com/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/image-1764987042034.png)